PSG has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the dying moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a convincing shootout victory.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.